Biology test stages of human evolution. Biology test: "Human origins" (2 options). Differences between humans and apes

Human Origins

Evidence of evolutionary human origins

Option 1

1 . What was the name of the group of great apes?consisting of the earliest primates?

1) anthropoids

2) pongids

3) hominids

4)tarsiers

2 . Which monkeys are not pongids?

1) chimpanzee

2)gorilla

3) orangutan

4) capuchins

3 . Which scientist was the first to suppress a person into one group?pu with primates?

1) C. Darwin

2) J.B. Lamarck

3) C. Linnaeus

4) T. Huxley

4. Which biological feature does not characterizekind of Homo sapiens?

1) large brain volume

2) strong jaws

3) predominance of the cerebral part of the skull over the facial part

4) upright posture

5 . What does the Australopithecus stage correspond to in evolution?hominid family?

1) archanthrope

2) paleoanthropus

3) protoanthrope
4) neoanthropus

6 . What is the name of the oldest man, fossilswhose remains were found on the island of Java?

1) protoanthrope

2) Pithecanthropus

3) paleoanthropus

4) Sinanthropus

7 . What kind of modern people appeared on Earth?40-30 thousand years ago and continue to live today?

1) neoanthropes

2) archanthropes

3) Neanderthals

4) paleoanthropes

8 . At what stage of human development as a biologicalWhat kind of species did ancient people appear - Neanderthals?1) at the neoanthropic stage

2) at the stage of archanthropes

3) at the stage of protoanthropes

4) at the paleoanthropic stage

9 .To which systematic group of the class Mammals does the species Homo sapiens belong?

1) marsupials

2) rodents

3) predatory

4) primates

10 .Which of the driving forces of human evolution is of a biological nature?

1) articulate speech

2) ability to use weapons

3) heredity

4) abstract thinking

11. They were the first to learn to use fire

1)australopithecus

2)pithecanthropus

3) Neanderthals

4) Cro-Magnons

12. Which of the following can serve as an example of a rudiment in humans?

1)excessive hairiness

2) presence of a coccyx

3) presence of a tail

4) additional mammary glands

13. In humans, unlike mammals

1) the upper limb consists of the shoulder, forearm and hand

2) hook-shaped hand, with an underdeveloped thumb

3) the lower jaw is movably connected to the skull

4) the thumb forms a right angle with respect to the other fingers

14. What feature distinguishes Homo sapiens from animals?

1) development of the peripheral nervous system

2) the presence of two circles of blood circulation

3)developmentS-shaped spine

4) formation of three germ layers during embryonic development

15. Which trait in humans arose earlier than others in the process of evolution?

1) speech

2) consciousness

3)regular work activity

4) upright posture

16. What does the presence of a tail in human embryos at an early stage of development indicate?

1) about development with complete transformation

2) about the variability of organisms

3) about the origin of man from animals

4) about deviations in its development

17. Scientists include the group of ancient people

1) Australopithecus

2) Cro-Magnon

3) Neanderthal

4)pithecanthropus

18. Consider the picture depicting the fossil ancestors of the human genus in the chronological sequence of their appearance on Earth. What number shows Homo erectus on it?

1)1

2)2

3)3

4)4

19.

1) the presence of teeth in the jaw sockets

2) the ability to regulate your body temperature

3) the presence of a nervous system

4) alveolar structure of the lungs

5) anlage of the neural tube embryos above the notochord

6) the presence of an arched foot

20 used in human taxonomy, starting with the mostlarge.

1) hominids

2) primates

3) chordates

4) person

5) mammals

6) a reasonable person

21.

work activity

B)

abstract thinking

IN)

insulation

G)

mutational variability

D)

population waves

E)

second signaling system

biological

2)

social

Human Origins (anthropogenesis). Evolution of primates.

Evidence of evolutionary human origins

Option 2

1 . What were the names of extinct arboreal humans?various monkeys that are the ancestors of modernapes and humans?
1) hominids 3) Dryopithecus
2) tarsiers 4) pongids

2 . What pre-existing group of tarsiershidden in the evolutionary trunk of the Old monkeysSveta?

1) lemurs 3) ramapithecus
2) necrolemurs 4) baboons

3 . Which scientist was the first to prove kinship in his work?humans with apes?
1) C. Linnaeus2) T. Huxley
3) J.B. Lamarck4) C. Darwin

4 . What property of the species Homo sapiens is notsocial?

1) big brain box

2) creation and use of tools

3) consciousness and speech

4) social lifestyle

5 . How is the word “Austra” translated from Latin?Lopitecus"?

1) Australian monkey|

2) the oldest monkey

3) ape

4) southern monkey

6 . Fossil remains of what ancient manwere found near Beijing?

1) Pithecanthropus

2) paleoanthropa

3) Sinanthropa

4) Australopithecus

7. What are the names of the first representatives of biologicalWhat kind of Homo sapiens?

1) Australopithecus

2) Cro-Magnons

3) Neanderthals

4) paleoanthropes

8. At what stage did Sinanthropus and Pithecanthus appear?ropes?

1) at the stage of archanthropes

2) at the stage of paleoanthropes

3) at the neoanthropic stage

4) at the stage of protoanthropes

9. Which of the following structural features of the human skull is an adaptation to speech?

1) the presence of a protruding chin

2) vertical forehead

3) fusion of the skull bones

4) enlarged compared to the facial part of the skull

10. In humans, unlike the orangutan

1) larger facial part of the skull

2) greater brain volume

3) the upper limbs are longer than the lower ones

4) the chest is formed by ribs

11. What factor of human evolution is considered social?

1) work activity

2) hereditary variability

3) the struggle for existence

4) natural selection

12. What characteristic of the class Mammals is characteristic of humans?

1) diaphragm

2) pulmonary breathing

3) brain and spinal cord

4) closed circulatory system

13. Which representative of the genus Human belongs to the presented images of rock paintings?

1)pithecanthropus

2) Neanderthal

3) Cro-Magnon

4) Australopithecus

14. Scientists include the group of the most ancient people

1) Cro-Magnons

2)australopithecus

3)Neanderthals

4) synanthropes

15. Determine the correct sequence of the main stages of human evolution.

1) ancient people⇒ predecessors of people⇒ Neanderthals⇒ Cro-Magnons

2) predecessors of people⇒ ancient people⇒ Neanderthals ⇒ Cro-Magnons

3) Cro-Magnons ⇒ Neanderthals ⇒ predecessors of humans ⇒ ancient people

4) Neanderthals⇒ ancient people⇒ predecessors of people⇒ Cro-Magnons

16. What characteristic characteristic of humans is a characteristic of animals of the Chordata type?

1) lungs, consisting of alveoli

2) nodal type nervous system

3) hair

4) gill slits in the wall of the embryo’s pharynx

17. What contributed to the emergence of upright walking in humans?

1) settlement of new territories

2) faster movement on the ground

3) closer communication between people

4 ) freeing your hands and developing your work activity

18. Consider the picture depicting the fossil ancestors of the human genus in the chronological sequence of their appearance on Earth. Under what number is the Cro-Magnon man depicted on it, if the number 1 shows an Australopithecus?

1)5

2)4

3)3

4)2

19. By what characteristics are humans classified as Mammals? Choose three correct answers out of six and write down the numbers under which they are indicated.

1) tubular nervous system

2) gill slits on the pharynx of the embryo

3) four-chambered heart

4) ears

5) skeleton of the upper and lower extremities

6) grooves and convolutions in the cerebral cortex

20. Establish a correspondence between the example and the factor of anthropogenesis for which it is characteristic.

second signaling system

B)

manifestation of mutations

IN)

struggle for existence

G)

transfer of accumulated experience

D)

traditions and rituals

E)

insulation

biological

2)

social

21 .Establish the chronological sequence of taxa,used in human taxonomy, starting with the smallest

1) vertebrates

2) a reasonable person

3) chordates

4) person

5) mammals

6) eukaryotes

Test on the topic: “The origin and evolution of man.”

Option 1.

1.What kind of people does Pithecanthropus belong to?

a) ancient, b) most ancient; c) new.

2.What kind of people developed social relationships?

3.What signs does a person acquire during his life?

a) speech; b) breathing; c) thinking.

4.What kind of people is a skilled person?

a) the most ancient; b) ancient; c) new; d) to none

5. Which people were the first to master articulate speech?

a) Neanderthals; b) Cro-Magnons; c) Pithecanthropus.

6 .Which feature, unlike apes, is unique to humans?

a) labor; b) four-chamber heart; c) 4 blood groups.

7.Which of the listed factors of human evolution is social?

a) hereditary variability; b) speech; c) the struggle for existence.

8. Of the listed human ancestors, the most ancient people include:

a) Australopithecus; b) Neanderthal; c) Pithecanthropus.

9.Labor activity provided:

a) upright posture; b) consolidation of members of society; c) arch of the foot.

10.What is the significance of the dark skin of indigenous Africans?

a) protection against overheating; b) camouflage; c) protection from ultraviolet rays.

1. The first people appeared on Earth more than 2 million years ago.

2.Modern apes descended from Parapithecus, just like humans.

3. Ancient people, compared to the most ancient people, represent a more progressive type of person.

4.Pithecanthropus belongs to the most ancient people.

5. Apes, like humans, have 46 chromosomes.

Option 2.

1. How do humans differ from apes?

a) 4 blood groups; b) the presence of mammary glands; c) the ability to speak.

2.Which factor in human evolution is considered a biological factor?

a) labor; b) thinking; c) isolation.

3. Social factors of human evolution include:

a) mutations; b) speech; c) natural selection.

4. The social way of life of human ancestors contributed to:

a) upright walking; b) the appearance of speech; c) freeing your hands.

5. Which of the human ancestors belong to the ancient people?

a) Cro-Magnons; b) Neanderthals; c) Pithecanthropus.

6. The difference between humans and apes is manifested in the presence of:

a) 4 blood groups; b) nails; c) S-shaped spine.

7.Human upright walking led to the appearance of:

a) speech; b) arch of the foot; c) thinking.

8.The first modern people include:

a) Cro-Magnons; b) Pithecanthropus; c) Neanderthals.

9. Which of the human ancestors had a brain volume of 1600 cubic cm. and the chin protuberance was clearly visible on the lower jaw?

a) Cro-Magnon; b) Neanderthal; c) Pithecanthropus.

10.What is the significance of the narrow, protruding nose of the native Europeans?

a) to warm the inhaled air; b) for beauty;

c) to cool the inhaled air.

IN 1. Choose the correct judgments:

1. Neanderthals lived during the Great Glaciation.

2. Australopithecines were a transitional link from animals to humans.

3. Social relationships already arose among Pithecanthropus.

4.Neanderthals are ancient people.

5. Speech appeared earlier than society.

Option 1

1-b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-d, 5-b, 6-a, 7-b, 8-c, 9-b, 10-c

Option 2

1-c, 2-c, 3-b, 4-b, 5-b, 6-c, 7-b, 8-a, 9-a, 10-a

Option #1

What class does the person belong to?

a) primates b) mammals

b) chordates d) vertebrates

The most ancient human ancestors are...

a) Cro-Magnons c) Pithecanthropus

b) Neanderthals d) Australopithecus

The species characteristics of humans include...

a) 46 chromosomes c) differentiation of teeth

b) viviparity d) presence of mammary glands

Under the letter “A” in the figure is...

a) trachea

b) liver

in heart

d) diaphragm

d) stomach

g) lung

Brain volume up to 500-600 cm 3. High eyebrows and absence of a chin protrusion. They couldn't speak. They lived in groups, females took care of children, males obtained food. Who fits this description?

Man belongs to the class of mammals because he...

a) fingers have nail plates

b) the brain has 5 sections

c) the internal skeleton is formed, the basis of which is the spine

d) there is a diaphragm and mammary glands

What letter represents an illustration of human atavism?

The characteristic of the chordate phylum is...

a) pulmonary breathing

b) formation of the neural tube above the notochord

c) closed circulatory system

d) the presence of a diaphragm

Representatives of the class of mammals are characterized by...

a) formation of the notochord in the early stages of embryonic development

b) closed circulatory system

c) the presence of a diaphragm separating the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity

d) flat fingernails

The chin protrusion has received some development. The left side of the brain was slightly larger than the right, that is, brain asymmetry appeared. They were skilled stonemasons. They used fire skillfully. They were engaged in hunting and gathering. They used clothes made from animal skins. Who fits this description?

a) Pithecanthropus c) Australopithecus

b) Neanderthals d) Cro-Magnons

Topic 2. Origin of man

Read the assignment carefully. Think over the answer and find it among the proposed options. Write the corresponding letter in the answer matrix, which must be drawn in your test notebook.

Option No. 2

What type is the person?

a) chordates b) vertebrates

b) primates d) mammals

How many species of humans exist on Earth at present?

What characteristics are not passed on from ancestors to offspring?

a) skin color b) instincts

b) conditioned reflexes d) eye shape and color

Under the letter “B” in the figure is...

a) trachea

b) liver

in heart

d) diaphragm

d) stomach

g) lung

5. Brain volume - 1100 cm 3. Many primitive features have been preserved: powerful brow ridges, heavy massive jaw. Lead an active lifestyle. They made primitive tools and were ferocious hunters. Who fits this description?

a) Australopithecus c) Neanderthals

b) Pithecanthropus d) Cro-Magnons

6. Which group does the person belong to?

a) insectivores c) rodents

b) carnivores d) primates

Which of the following refers to human atavisms?

a) third eyelid c) auricle with Darwinian tubercle

b) presence of a tail d) ability to move ears

8. What letter represents the illustration of a human vestige?

9. Which human organs are vestigial?

a) multi-nipple

b) heavy hair growth throughout the body

c) appendix - an extension of the cecum

d) tailedness

Brain volume up to 1800 cm 3. High forehead, absence of brow ridges and well-developed chin protuberance. The frontal and temporal lobes have reached their final development. They made a variety of tools from stone, bone, and horn. They knew how to drill and polish their products. The arts received development: painting and sculpture. They were skilled hunters.

a) Neanderthals c) Australopithecus

b) Cro-Magnons d) Pithecanthropus

VERIFICATION AND EVALUATION

Response codes

Topic 2. Origin of man

Option #1

Option No. 2

Back forward

Attention! Slide previews are for informational purposes only and may not represent all the features of the presentation. If you are interested in this work, please download the full version.

Lesson typology:

• For didactic purposes– generalization and systematization of knowledge.
• According to the form– a combination of various forms: conference, correspondence excursion.

The purpose of the lesson: Summarize, deepen and systematize knowledge about evidence of human origin from animals, stages (stages) of human evolution; the role of biological and social factors at different stages of anthropogenesis.

Lesson objectives:

• To actualize students’ personal meaning in studying the topic; promote the development of the ability to find and compare facts, develop research and creative skills; create conditions for the development of communication skills and joint activities; create conditions for increasing interest in the use of computer technology in the study of biology, and interest students in the creative process of making presentations.
• Education of moral values.
• Provide opportunities for students to express themselves.

Lesson equipment. Hardware and software training tools:

• Computer, projector, screen, student computers.
• Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2007 program.
• Teacher presentation.
• Creative works (presentations) of students.
• Exhibits of the school anthropological collection.
• Handouts – test tasks.

Lesson steps:

1. Organizing time. Setting the lesson goal. Updating and motivating knowledge. Poem “The First Bridge” by V. Shefner.
2. Generalization of the material.
   1. Interesting moment. "Chronology of the evolution of life on Earth"
   2. Evidence of the origin of man from animals.
   3. The relationship between biological and social factors in human evolution.
   4. Stages of human development.
   5. Biological equivalence of human races.
3. Summing up the lesson. Testing.
4. Setting homework.

During the classes

I. Organizational moment of the lesson. Updating and motivating knowledge. Teacher's opening speech. Poem “First Bridge” (Vadim Shefner).

Slide 4

...And then he burst out of the thicket
On the trail of the beast. But the flow
In a deep crack, rumbling,
I crossed his path.
On the other shore there is prey,
For the whole family it is food:
Untouched bird's nests
Roe deer undaunted herd...
Imagine for a moment
A space closed to him,
The back of his head is at a loss
He rubbed it with his shaggy paw.
And eyebrows hung over my eyes,
And he sat down silently on a stone,
All the tension of the first thought,
How cramped.
And suddenly - hungry, low-browed -
He stood up, stubborn and tall,
Already with meaningful anger
He looked into the roaring stream.
And, approaching the pine tree, which is crooked
Grew up right next to the cliff,
And looking at the roots - rottenness! –
He began to rock her.
And that work lasted for a long time,
And the stones fell into the cliff,
And with a crunch the tree fell down,
Connecting the two banks.
And he is on an unprecedented path
Another crossed to the shore,
And wiped the sweat from the tired brow -
No longer with a paw, but with a HAND.

Good afternoon guys! I started our unusual lesson with a poem by Vadim Shefner “The First Bridge”. Did you like this poem? Can we use it as an epigraph for the lesson?

Today our office has “turned” into a museum. And, although its exhibits are not real, but were created by students of our school and collected over the past twenty years, they can represent to us those distant years when the evolution of our ancestors took place. We will also get acquainted with some materials presented at the Darwin Museum in Moscow. And modern information and communication tools have enriched our exhibition exhibits with electronic presentations and added visibility to the exhibition. The presentations are made in the form of educational projects, developed by you independently, and you chose the project topics as you wish. We need all this to generalize knowledge on the topic “Human Evolution”. Slide 2–3

Also, during the lesson, we will complete a number of tasks, with the help of which we will repeat and generalize knowledge on the topic, and at the end of the lesson we will complete a test.

II. Summarizing the material studied.

1. Interesting moment. "Chronology of Life on Earth" Slide 3 → Slide 15

Did human evolution really happen as quickly as described in the poem “The First Bridge”? Does the evolutionary process continue in relation to humans?

If we figuratively compare the entire development time of our planet with a day, then life appeared at 3 o’clock in the morning, and man appeared at 23 hours 59 minutes 50 seconds. In the last 10 seconds of evolution, Man appeared on Earth.

2. Let's start with evidence of human evolution

Exercise 1. Name the evidence for human evolution and briefly describe each of them. Slide 5

From whom did a person inherit these features: the genetic code of the nucleus and mitochondria, bilateral symmetry, bone skeleton, five-fingered limbs, pulmonary respiration, amniotic egg, elongated limbs, mammary glands, warm-bloodedness, differentiated dental system? Slide 6

3. The relationship between biological and social factors in human evolution.

What factors contributed to human evolution? Slide 8

Task 2. Many literary sources say that nowadays human life has ceased to be regulated by natural selection. Do you agree with this statement? Provide evidence that you are right. Slide 9

Answer. This statement is erroneous, since poorly adapted people continue to die from infectious diseases, hereditary diseases and a number of other diseases.

4. Stages of human development. Conference.

Students make presentations and demonstrate their completed projects - presentations.

Conference plan. Slide 10

1. Australopithecines are highly organized apes. Speech by students.

Task 3 Slide 3 → Slide 11. Showcase 26 of the Darwin Museum presents materials telling about highly organized apes. Slide 11. The nature of the food search of early hominids (australopithecines and the most ancient representatives of the genus Homo) was associated with their habitat - the semi-dry African savannah with pronounced seasonal variability. Their survival depended on their ability to access food sources in highly variable conditions at different times of the year.

1. Using Figure 1, determine which feeding method was characteristic of each early hominid species.
2. Find out how important it was for early hominids to eat meat at certain times of the year.

Fig 1. Highly organized apes.

2. A skillful person. Speech by students.

Task 4. Slide 11 → Slide 12. Showcase 27 of the Darwin Museum displays plaster reconstructions of archanthropes.

Archanthropes is the collective name for fossil people, considered as the oldest representatives of the human race.

For what purposes did the archanthropes use fire?

A. For smelting metals.
B. Cooking.
B. Repelling predators.
D. Heating the home.
D. Hunting wild animals.
E. Firing ware

3. The most ancient people. Homo erectus. Speech by students.

Task 5. Slide 12 → Slide 13. What types of tools did the archanthropes use?

For what types of activities did the archanthropes use the axe?

A. For cutting bones and tendons of killed animals.
B. For digging up edible bulbs and roots.
B. For processing wood and bones.
D. For digging holes of small animals.
D. For hunting large animals.

All answers are correct.

4. Ancient people. Neanderthals.

5. Modern people. Cro-Magnon.

5. Biological equivalence of human races.Slide 13 → Slide 14

Task 6. The central showcase of the Darwin Museum presents materials characterizing ancient and modern racial types. Determine which ancient racial types of people of the Upper Paleolithic correspond to modern racial types based on the presence of common Mongoloid, Caucasoid and Australoid features. Name the factor of genetic relatedness of human races.

Answer. All humanity belongs to the same species. The unity of humanity follows from common origin, similarity in structure, fertility of descendants, and marriages between representatives of different races.

Figure 2. Ancient racial types.

In your presentations you pointed out a number of anatomical features. And what features does modern man – our contemporary – have? Slide 16

Modern average person: height 170 cm, body weight – 70 kg, body surface – 1.8 m³; life expectancy – 70 years (150 years ago – 38 years).

Task 7. Explain why scientists believe that human biological evolution has slowed down.

Answer. Biological evolution occurs intensively if the population of a given species is actively influenced by changing environmental conditions. Since man is able to create stable and favorable conditions for himself, the effect of natural selection in human populations has been weakened. This probably led to a decrease in the rate of human biological evolution.

III. Check of knowledge. Final testing on the topic “Human Evolution”

Slides 17-20

Humans are characterized by the following characteristics of the Chordata type:
A) warm-blooded
B) the presence of a spinal column,
C) the development of the fetus in the mother’s body,
D) two pairs of limbs.

The belonging of a person to the class of mammals is evidenced by:
A) four-chambered heart,
B) the presence of mammary glands,
B) limbs of the grasping type,
D) highly developed cerebral cortex.

The following factors prove the relationship between humans and apes:
A) their skeleton has a common structure,
B) many human and chimpanzee proteins are interchangeable,
C) the blood types of humans and monkeys are identical,
D) both are characterized by bilateral symmetry.

Anthropogenesis is a process:
A) the historical development of living nature,
B) individual human development,
B) human embryonic development,
D) evolutionary-historical formation of man.

The biological driving forces of anthropogenesis include:
A) heredity,
B) speech
B) variability
D) education.

Representatives of all races have common characteristics that prove they belong to the same species:
A) highly developed brain
B) ability for creative activity,
B) developed speech,
D) ability to work.

The social driving forces of anthropogenesis were:
A) natural selection
B) struggle for existence,
B) labor
D) education.

A modern person is considered to be:
A) Neanderthals
B) Cro-Magnons,
B) synanthropes,
D) Pithecanthropus.

The leading role in the evolution of humanity is played by:
A) only social factors,
B) only biological laws,
B) social factors and biological laws,
D) driving forms of natural selection.

Answers to tests. The verification can be carried out in the form of self- or mutual verification.

Slide 21

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
B, G	A, B, G	B, C	G	A, B	A B C D	V, G	B	IN

IV. Summing up the lesson.

Discussion of educational projects, successful and unsuccessful moments of the lesson.

V. Setting homework.

Prepare 1-2 exhibits for the school anthropological collection.

(You can work in pairs). Slide 22

Literature:

1. Belyaev D.K., Ruvinsky A.O., Vorontsov N.N. and others. General biology: Proc. for 10-11 grades. avg. school M.: Education, 1997.
2. Vorontsov N.N., Sukhorukova L.N. evolution of the organic world: Optional course.: Proc. allowance for 9-10 grades. avg. school M.: Education, 1991.
3. Dmitrieva T.A., Gulenkov S.I. and others. Biology: 1600 tasks, tests and tests for schoolchildren and applicants to universities. M.: Bustard, 1999.
4. Dubinina N.V. Test lessons in the biological museum. //Biology at school, 2006. - 8.
5. Zakharov V.B., Mamontov S.G., Sonin N.I. Biology: general patterns. Textbook for 11th grade M.: Bustard, 2006.
6. Kozlova T.A. Life appeared on Earth at 3 o'clock in the morning. //Biology at school, 2010. - 4
7. Kulev A.V. Questions and assignments on general biology. //Biology at school, 2008. - 8
8. Sivoglazov V.I., Sukhova T.S., Kozlova T.A. Biology: general patterns: A book for teachers. M.: Shkola-Press, 1996.
9. Surovegina I.T. Who is man, or the mystery of man. //Biology at school, 2010. - 2
10. Encyclopedia for children. Biology. M.: Publishing house. "Avanta +", 1994.

Test on the topic "Human Evolution".

Option 1

Choose one correct answer

1. The main factor of anthropogenesis is: a) social way of life b) work c) speech d) rational activity

2. The reason for the emergence of upright walking was: a) arid climate b) herd lifestyle c) the need to free up hands d) work activity

3. What does “australopithecus” mean in Latin: a) Australian monkey b) ancient man c) southern monkey

d) the oldest monkey

4. The similarity between humans and mammals indicates their:

a) kinship b) same level of organization c) convergent similarity

d) origin from different ancestors

5. Unlike apes, humans have:

a) Rh factor b) rational activity c) four-chambered heart d) abstract thinking

6. The human skull differs from the skull of primates in a) the presence of only one movable bone b) the presence of sutures between the bones of the brain part c) a more developed brain part d) the structure of bone tissue

7. The biological factor that ensures the development of thinking at the early stage of human evolution is considered to be: a) progressive development of the brain b) care for offspring c) four-chambered heart

d) increase in the respiratory surface of the lungs

8. The ability to make simple tools first appeared in:

a) Dryopithecus b) Ramapithecus c) Australopithecus d) Neanderthals

9. Which part of the human upper limb has undergone the greatest changes in the process of evolution: a) shoulder b) forearm c) hand

d) shoulder girdle

10. What is the adaptive significance of dark skin color in the Negroid race:

a) protection from ultraviolet rays

b) protection from enemies c) adaptation to high air temperatures

d) improvement of the respiratory function of the skin

11. Which of the following signs is attributed to human atavisms:

a) presence of a tail b) division of the body into sections c) appendix

d) the presence of five-fingered limbs

12. Who had the most developed chin protuberance: a) Pithecanthropus

b) Sinanthropus c) Neanderthal d) Cro-Magnon

13. What is the place of man in the taxonomy of living organisms?

Option 2.

Choose one correct answer

1. What not belong to the social factors of human evolution:

a) speech b) upright posture c) work d) consciousness

2. Due to upright walking, changes in the structure of the foot have occurred in humans: a) an arch has formed b) the claws have turned into nails c) the phalanges of the toes have grown together d) the big toe is opposed to all the others

3. Which of the following characteristics of people are considered rudiments:

a) multiple nipples b) the presence of a tail c) the remainder of the third eyelid

d) excessive body hair.

4. On the driving forces of anthropogenesis Not include: a) the struggle for existence b) social way of life c) hereditary variability

d) modification variability

5. What does “pithecanthropus” mean in Latin:

a) Chinese man b) ape man c) skilled man

d) homo erectus

6. What kind of people belong to the species Homo sapiens:

a) Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons b) Pithecanthropus and Sinanthropus

c) Cro-Magnons and modern people d) modern people

7. What are human races a) different populations

b) different species c) different genera d) different families

8. What is the significance of light skin in Caucasians a) repelling ultraviolet rays b) trapping ultraviolet rays

c) protection against hypothermia d) improved skin respiration

9. In the process of settlement of people on the planet, the last people to be populated were:

A) America b) Africa c) Europe d) Asia

10. What does the development of brow ridges indicate in human ancestors?

a) food composition b) speech development c) brain volume

d) upright posture

11. Homo sapiens is distinguished from other types of people by: a) the ability to produce tools b) the development of care for offspring

c) the use of fuel and clothing d) the emergence of science and art

12. Who studied the social factors of anthropogenesis:

a) Engels b) Darwin c) Lamarck d) Linnaeus

Give a short answer to the question

13. Make a human evolutionary tree.

Answers:

Option 1

1b 2a 3c 4a 5d 6c 7a 8c 9c 10a 11a 12d

Option 2

1b 2a 3c 4d 5b 6c 7a 8b 9a 10a 11d 12a